New data has been presented demonstrating the potential of a test to reduce the incidence of patients with late-stage lung cancer at diagnosis, compared with standard clinical diagnosis.

The test used was the EarlyCDT Lung test which is the work of global immunodiagnostics group Oncimmune.

In a randomised controlled trial of 12,209 people in Scotland at high risk of developing lung cancer, it was shown that more people were diagnosed at an early stage of the disease in the two years after taking the test than those in the control arm who received standard clinical care.

The findings were presented at the 2019 World Conference on Lung Cancer in Barcelona.

The test works by detecting the presence of autoantibodies generated by the body’s immune system as a natural defence against cancer cells.

Lung cancer was chosen as the first target of the technology because it is the world’s leading cause of cancer-related death and is often detected at an advanced stage with approximately 85% of patients in the UK undiagnosed until the disease has spread to other parts of the body.

The ECLS trial is believed to be the largest randomised controlled trial for the detection of lung cancer using biomarkers conducted anywhere in the world.

Among those people who received the test and went on to develop lung cancer within the next two years, 41.1% were diagnosed at an early stage (stage 1&2) of the disease, compared with 26.8% among the control group subject to standard clinical practice.

This resulted in a 36% reduction in late stage presentation after 2 years of follow up in subjects randomised to the test.

The trial also showed a lower rate of deaths among people in the intervention arm of the trial after two years compared with people in the control group.

Lung cancer-specific deaths were also lower in the intervention group.

This suggests that the test followed by CT imaging could produce a mortality benefit, although the trial was not powered to demonstrate such a trend after two years.

The next step is to move to a larger population-based evaluation in up to 200,000 patients to assess the implications of diagnosis with the test on survival and mortality in a real-world setting.

Adam Hill, Chief Executive Officer of Oncimmune, commented: "We are thrilled that the ECLS trial has demonstrated so clearly the potential of our EarlyCDT technology platform to transform the way cancer is diagnosed. We look forward to working with health authorities in Scotland and beyond to roll out EarlyCDT Lung more widely, with the aim of saving lives and reducing costs for the NHS and other healthcare systems around the world. Meanwhile, we are continuing to test our technology on other forms of cancer, including liver, ovarian, breast and prostate, in pursuit of our ambition to build the leading immunodiagnostic platform in the field of oncology."

Professor Frank Sullivan, Professor of Primary Care Medicine at the University of St. Andrews, the Chief Investigator for the ECLS trial, commented: "These landmark findings are likely to have globally significant implications for the early detection of lung cancer by showing how a simple blood test, followed by CT scans, is able to increase the number of patients diagnosed at an earlier stage of the disease, when surgery is still possible and prospects for survival much higher."

Source: Oncimmune